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TradePerpetuals9 pages
What a perpetual future isFoundationA perpetual future is a contract on an asset's price that never expires, kept close to that price by an hourly payment between longs and shorts.Contract specificationsPractitionerEvery Hyperliquid perp is a linear contract on 1 unit of its asset, defined by size decimals, maximum leverage, a margin table and a margin mode.FundingPractitionerFunding is an hourly payment between longs and shorts, set by how far the perp trades from the oracle price, that ties a contract with no expiry to its index.Margin: cross, isolated and margin tiersPractitionerMargin is the collateral behind a perp: initial margin to open, maintenance margin to stay open, shared in cross mode or ring-fenced in isolated mode.Leverage and liquidationPractitionerBelow maintenance margin, positions go to the order book as market orders; below two thirds of it, the liquidator vault takes them over.Auto-deleveragingExpertWhen an account goes below zero, auto-deleveraging closes the most profitable, most leveraged opposing positions at the previous mark price, leaving no bad debt.Hyperps and index perpetualsPractitionerHyperps fund against a moving average of their own mark price until spot trading exists; index perps track a formula the validators publish.AMM-priced perpetualsExpertSome perps price off a Uniswap V2 or V3 pool instead of exchange spot prices, and are isolated only, with margin locked in until the position closes.DelistingPractitionerWhen validators vote to delist a perp, positions settle at the 1-hour time-weighted oracle price before the vote and no new orders are accepted.

Referrals

Foundation

A referrer earns 10% of a referred trader's fees for that trader's first $1B of volume, and the referred trader gets a 4% fee discount on their first $25M.

Referrals pay traders to bring traders. The referrer’s share and the new trader’s discount are both part of the fee calculation, and both switch off at fixed volume thresholds.

In the docs’ example, a referred user paid 196.84 USDC of rewarded fees since joining. The referrer earned 19.68 USDC: 10 per cent to the cent.

Past the volume threshold, you can create a code and share it as a join link. Rewards accrue in whichever quote assets the fees were paid in and land in your spot balance when claimed.

Enter a code, or join through a link, to get the discount. Do it before trading in size, since the discount is capped by volume. It stacks into the same fee calculation as your volume tier and staking discount (fees).

  • Vaults and sub-accounts don’t get it: each is an independent account in the clearinghouse.
  • Rewards and discounts apply on HIP-3 markets too, and the discount was measured applying to HIP-4 outcome fees on mainnet.

A referral code follows the user; a builder code follows the order

Section titled “A referral code follows the user; a builder code follows the order”

An app attaches a builder code per order to add its own fee. Per the docs’ staking referral proposal page, a builder code overrides a referral code for that order.

Builders and referrers who stake HYPE would keep a larger share of referred users’ fees, up to 40 per cent at the highest staking tier, and could pass part back to the user. The docs say no definitive implementation is ready for mainnet and the proposal is being re-evaluated for fairness to builders.

Parameter Value
Volume needed to create a code $10,000
Referrer’s share 10% of referred users’ fees, less their discount
Referrer’s share applies for the referred user’s first $1B of volume
Referred user’s discount 4%
Discount applies for the referred user’s first $25M of volume
Minimum claim more than $1
Applies to vaults and sub-accounts no

The referral info request returns a user’s referred side and referrer side in one response:

{ "type": "referral", "user": "0x..." }
  • Top level: referredBy, cumVlm, unclaimedRewards, claimedRewards, builderRewards, and a per-token breakdown in tokenToState.
  • For referrers, referrerState.data.referralStates: each referred user’s cumVlm, cumRewardedFeesSinceReferred and cumFeesRewardedToReferrer.
  • A signed {"type": "claimRewards"} claims rewards and builder fees.
  • userFees returns referralDiscount and the currently applied activeReferralDiscount. The docs’ fee formula multiplies taker fees, and positive maker fees, by (1 - activeReferralDiscount).
  • rewardHistory holds legacy rewards only; claimed rewards now appear in nonFundingLedgerUpdate.
  • The docs’ example marks the top-level reward fields “USDC Only”; tokenToState repeats them keyed by token.
  • setReferrer and registerReferrer, the wire actions for codes, are accepted by the exchange but not documented.

For the points programme referrers earned in earlier, see Points (historical).